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摘要
氨化的聚丙烯腈溶液(PAN)是获得均质致密结构、优良理化性能原丝的必要手段。通过丙烯腈(AN)聚合体系加入氨水和聚合结束后在聚合原液中通入氨气,得到不同氨化程度的PAN原液,经干喷湿纺纺丝制成PAN初生纤维和原丝,研究两种氨化方式对PAN纤维截面、初生纤维膨润度和原丝体密度、原丝强度和模量的影响。结果表明,氨化原液容易获得圆形截面的PAN纤维,且聚合体系氨化的原液在氨化度达到16%时,即可获得圆度为0.91的圆形截面,而聚合原液氨化其氨化度需达到28%,才可获得相同圆度(0.91)的截面。氨化后PAN纤维更致密,表现为初生纤维膨润度更低、原丝体密度更高;氨化度小于28%时,聚合体系氨化的原液比聚合原液氨化的原液得到的PAN初生纤维膨润度低、原丝体密度高。氨化度在20%～24%适宜范围,氨化后原丝强度和模量均值较高,且原丝强度和模量CV值明显减少。PAN纤维如需达到相同膨润度、体密度以及强度和模量CV值,聚合体系氨化原液所需的氨化度更低。
Abstract
Polyacrylonitrile solution (PAN) ammoniated was a necessary means to obtain homogeneous and compact precursor with excellent physical and chemical properties.PAN nascent fiber and precursor were prepared by dry-wet spinning through adding ammonia into acrylonitrile (AN) polymerization system and mixing ammoniation into PAN solution after polymerization.Effects of ammoniation on cross section,swelling degree,bulk density of PAN fiber,strength and modulus of precursor were studied.The results shown that the PAN fiber with circular cross-section can be easily obtained by ammoniation,and the circular cross-section with roundness of 0.91 can be obtained when the ammoniation degree of the polymerization system was 16%,while the same roundness (0.91) cross-section can be obtained only when the ammoniation degree of the polymerization solution was 28%.The results shown that PAN fiber was more compact after ammoniation,which shown that the swelling degree of nascent fiber was lower and the density of PAN precursor was higher.When the degree of ammoniation was less than 28%,ammoniated polymerization system had lower swelling degree and higher precursor density than ammoniated polymerization solution.However,when the ammoniation degree was in the suitable range of 16%~24%,the strength and modulus CV of precursor decreased significantly.If PAN fiber needed to reach the same swelling degree,bulk density,strength and modulus CV value,the ammoniation degree of polymerization system ammoniated solution was lower.
关键词
PAN纤维
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原丝
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氨化度
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氨化方式
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理化性能
Key words
PAN fiber
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precursor
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ammoniation degree
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ammoniation method
/
physical and chemical properties
氨化方式对聚丙烯腈原丝结构和性能的影响[J].
化工新型材料, 2021, 49(2): 153-157 DOI:10.19817/j.cnki.issn 1006-3536.2021.02.035
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基金资助
2019年国家新材料生产应用示范平台建设项目(TC190H3ZV)
